视频模拟训练对新手散打运动员预判准确率和反应时的影响

The Effect of Video Simulation Training on the Anticipation Skill and Reaction Time of Novice Sanda Athletes

目的:探讨视频模拟训练对新手散打运动员预判能力和反应时的影响以及实验室训练的迁移效果。方法:采用专业摄像机记录2名专业运动员的进攻动作,用Adobe Premier CS 6软件剪辑视频,将剪辑好的视频用Matlab软件编辑成测试与训练程序。以30名新手散打运动员为被试,根据情景干扰理论随机分到随机训练组(训练材料按ABC、BAC排序)、组块训练组(训练材料按AAA、BBB排序)和对照组,每组10名运动员。随机训练组和组块训练组进行2周的知觉认知技能训练,对照组完成每项测试,但不接受视频模拟训练。采用视频分析技术计算运动员在实验室以及现场测试当中的准确率和反应时。结果:(1)训练后及现场测试中,随机组和组块组的预判准确率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),反应时无统计学差异;(2)训练后,随机组和组块组的准确率无统计学差异;(3)现场测试中,随机组和组块组的预判准确率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),随机组和组块组的准确率无统计学差异。结论:视频模拟训练可以提高新手散打运动员的预判准确率;基于实验室的视频模拟训练能够提高新手散打运动员在现实运动情景中的预判能力,但对反应时的影响不明显。情景干扰效应对训练效果无显著影响,随机训练组在延迟测试中未表现出绩效优势。

Objective:To explore the effect of video simulation training on the anticipation skill and reaction time of novice sanda athletes and the transfer effect of laboratory training.Methods:Camera was used to record the offensive actions of two athletes,the video was edited with Adobe Premiere CS 6 software,and Matlab software was used to edit video into a test and training program.According to the contextual interference theory,30 novice sanda athletes were randomly divided into random group,block group and control group,with 10 athletes in each group.The random group and the block group received 2 weeks of anticipation skills training.The control group completed test but did not receive training.Video analysis is used to calculate the accuracy and reactions of athletes in laboratory and field tests.Results:(1)After training,the anticipation accuracy of the random group and the block group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),and there was no statistical difference in response time;(2)After training,there was no statistical difference in anticipation accuracy between the random group and the block group;(3)In the field test,the anticipation accuracy of the random group and the block group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between the random group and the block group.Conclusion:Video simulation training can improve the anticipation accuracy of novice sanda athletes,and has no significant impact on the reaction time.The laboratory-based simulation training can improve the novice sanda athletes'anticipation skill in the real sports situation,and has no significant effect on the reaction time.The contextual interference effect has no significant impact on the training effect,and the random training group does not show a performance advantage in the delayed test.