从DARPA看国防科技高风险高回报项目管理模式创新

High risk high reward project management mechanism mode innovation implicated by DARPA

美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)是美军从事颠覆性技术研究与开发的主要管理部门,其在长期的项目管理实践过程中已形成一套行之有效的项目管理模式,值得参考。从科研人员的角度出发,分析DARPA项目管理模式的特点。在此基础上,结合我国防科技发展实际,从鼓励科研人员大胆设想、帮助科研人员细化设想和充分授权科研人员进行项目管理等方面,提出完善高风险高回报项目管理机制的建议。

DARPA is a management department mainly engaged in the research and development of disruptive military technologies in the US military.It has funded high risk high reward projects that change the world,such as the Internet,instant messaging,stealth aircraft,global positioning system,etc.In the long-term project management practice,DARPA has formed a set of effective project management mode.Based on the analysis on DARPA project management mode and combined with our reality,this paper proposes improvement measures of high risk high reward project management mechanism from the aspects of encouraging researchers to make bold assumptions,helping researchers to refine their assumptions,supporting researchers to select the best research team and fully authorizing researchers to carry out project management.