突发洪涝灾害下考虑需求的应急资源调度研究

Research on emergency resources scheduling considering demand under sudden flood disaster

为实现灾区应急物资的高效配送,采用时空网络约束调度车辆,以各受灾点实际需求率最大、应急物资运输成本最低和车辆运输风险最小为目标,建立多目标应急物资调度规划模型,采用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法求解模型,最后通过实例验证。研究结果表明:洪涝灾害中,降雨量的增加会导致实际物资需求率、配送风险以及配送成本的增加,最大化实际物资需求率有助于提高物资利用率,减少物资成本并降低物资配送风险。研究结果可为灾前预防和灾中决策提供参考。

In order to realize the efficient distribution of emergency materials in disaster areas,a spatio-temporal network was used to constrain the scheduling of vehicles.Aiming at the maximum actual demand rate,the lowest transportation cost of emergency materials and the minimum transportation risk of vehicles at each disaster-affected site,a multi-objective scheduling planning model of emergency materials was established and solved by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elitist strategy,and the case verification was conducted.The results show that in the flood disaster,the increase of rainfall will lead to the increase of actual material demand rate,distribution risk and distribution cost,and maximizing the actual material demand rate helps to improve the material utilization,reduce the material costs and material distribution risk.The results can provide reference for pre-disaster prevention and disaster decision-making.