体面的市民与危险的“他者”:“上海人”身份的早期媒介生产

Decent Citizens and Dangerous “Others”:Earlier Media Production of “Shanghainese” Identity

“上海人”的身份内涵是一个持续协商的动态历史过程,它受到多重因素的影响,又不断地为大众媒介所书写。本文通过整理20世纪20至40年代的相关历史资料,考察当时报刊如何通过对“他者”边缘形象的辨认与塑造,从而致力于“上海人”理想主体的动态建构。报刊文人的圈层归属使大众媒介对于“何为上海人”的预设自然而然地带上了中产阶级视角并为主流舆论所接受。媒介在文化层面再生产了旧上海基于经济圈层与籍贯等因素所形成的等级制,并强化了能否习得“上海人”身份背后所包含的关于“城市/乡村”“我们/他者”“进化潜能/顽固落后”的隐性逻辑。

The connotation of “Shanghainese” is a dynamic historical process of continuous negotiation,which is constantly written by the mass media under the influence of multiple factors.Through sorting out historical materials from the 1920s to 1940s,this paper examines how the newspapers and magazines at that time continuously devoted themselves to the dynamic construction of the ideal image of “Shanghainese” by identifying and shaping the marginal image of “others”.The social status of newspaper writers makes the mass media's presupposition of what Shanghai people are naturally brought to the perspective of the middle class and accepted by the mainstream public opinion.At the cultural level,the media reproduced the hierarchy in old Shanghai based on class and native place,and strengthened the implicit logic of “urban”/“rural”,“we”/“the other”,“evolutionary potential”/“stubborn and backward” behind the acquisition of the identity of “Shanghainese”.