乳腺外科临床教学方法的回顾与探讨

Review and Exploration on Clinical Teaching Methods of Breast Surgery

目的 回顾与探讨不同教学方法在住院医师、实习生、见习生等的乳腺外科临床教学中的应用。方法 基于万方数据知识服务平台、中国知网等主要中文数据库,检索2000年1月—2022年8月乳腺外科临床教学相关研究,分析不同教学方法在临床教学过程中的应用情况及效果评价。结果 乳腺外科临床教学研究自2000年以来呈现出逐年增加趋势,并以实习生、见习生及住院医师规范化培训学员作为主要研究对象。基于问题学习教学法、基于案例学习教学法以及多学科综合治疗模式是目前主要的研究方向,并已出现不同教学方法相互交叉融合的教学研究。结论 乳腺外科临床教学研究的发展趋势可能与医学教育改革及乳腺外科独立建科等因素相关。基于问题学习教学法、基于案例学习教学法、多学科综合治疗模式等教学方法在临床教学实践中均取得较好效果,而不同教学方法间的交叉融合以及循证医学等因素的加入是临床教学研究的潜在发展方向。

Objective To review and explore the application of different teaching methods in clinical teaching of breast surgery for resident physicians,interns and probationers.Methods Based on the main Chinese databases such as Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,the relevant researches on clinical teaching of breast surgery from January 2000 to August 2022 were retrieved,and the application and effect evaluation of different teaching methods in clinical teaching were analyzed.Results The number of clinical teaching researches of breast surgery has shown an increasing trend year by year since 2000,with interns,probationers and resident physicians as the main research objects.At present,problem-based learning(PBL),case-based learning(CBL),multi-disciplinary therapy(MDT)model are the main research directions,and there has been teaching researches in which teaching methods intersect with each other.Conclusion The development trend of clinical teaching research in breast surgery may be related to the medical education reform and independent establishment of breast surgery department.Teaching methods such as PBL,CBL,MDT have achieved good results in clinical teaching practice,while the integration of different teaching methods and the addition of elements as evidence-based medicine are the potential development direction of clinical teaching research.