老年头颈癌胃造瘘患者营养相关症状特征研究

A study of characteristics of nutrition-related symptoms in elderly patients with head and neck cancer and gastrostomy

目的 分析老年头颈癌胃造瘘患者住院期间营养相关症状的变化,以期为营养相关症状管理提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2022年1-12月就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院消化科的102例老年头颈癌胃造瘘患者的临床资料,分析患者住院期间营养相关症状变化特征。结果 患者住院期间发生率超过50%的症状有乏力、唾液黏稠和疼痛。疼痛、焦虑、食欲不振、唾液黏稠、乏力、便秘、恶心等严重程度得分和营养相关症状总评分在各时间点差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者术前、术后营养风险发生率分别为41.18%、 56.86%,二者差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.022,P=0.025)。结论 老年头颈癌胃造瘘患者住院期间会出现多种营养相关症状,医护人员应当动态关注症状变化,以尽早开展症状管理,并提供营养支持。

Objective To analyze the changes of nutrition-related symptoms in elderly patients with head and neck cancer and gastrostomy during hospitalization,and provide reference for the management of nutrition-related symptoms.Methods The clinical data of 102 elderly patients with head and neck cancer and gastrostomy treated in Ninth People s Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University from January to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The changes of their nutrition-related symptoms during hospitalization were analyzed.Results The symptoms with an incidence rate of over 50%during hospitalization included fatigue,sticky saliva,and pain.There were significant differences in the severity scores of pain,anxiety,loss of appetite,sticky saliva,fatigue,constipation,nausea,and the total score of nutrition-related symptoms at each time point(P<0.05).The incidence of preoperative and postoperative nutritional risk was 41.18%and 56.86%,respectively,with statistical significance(0x0E䥺SymbolcA@0x0F 2=5.022,P=0.025).Conclusion Elderly patients with head and neck cancer and gastrostomy may experience a variety of nutrition-related symptoms during hospitalization.Medical staff should dynamically monitor changes of symptoms of patients to carry out symptom management as early as possible and provide nutritional support.