基于阶跃函数的光纤传感器超差校准方法仿真

Simulation of Out-of-Tolerance Calibration Method for Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Step Function

光纤传感器结构非常复杂,各个部件之间关联紧密,任何一个失效都可能导致整个传感器失效。超差校准要求较高的精度,而光纤传感器的测量精度受到温度、拉伸等因素影响,导致传感器超差校准易出现效果差、用时长问题。为此,提出一种基于STM32单片机信号采集的光纤传感器超差校准。利用光纤传感器结构特性,采用STM32单片机完成信号采集,求解静态运行指标,即灵敏度、线性度、延滞性、重复性与漂移,根据信号特性分析传感器运行环境,传感器静态运行时,将指标结果与公差对比,得出超差值,采用数字化校准仪执行校准任务;传感器动态运行时,利用阶跃函数得出其时间常数量及其频率、阻尼比,采用校准设备将超出公差部分校准。实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效校准超差,能保证校准精度且用时较短,可广泛推广使用。

The structure of fiber optic sensors is very complex.And various components are closely related.Any failure may lead to the failure of the entire sensor.High accuracy is required for out-of-tolerance calibration.The measurement accuracy of fiber optic sensors is affected by some factors such as temperature and stretching,resulting in long usage time.Therefore,a method for out-of-tolerance calibration of fiber optic sensor based on STM32 microcontroller signal acquisition was proposed.According to the structural characteristics of fiber optic sensor,the STM32 microcontroller was used to collect signals and solve static operating indicators,such as sensitivity,linearity,hysteresis,repeatability,and drift.Then,the operating environment of the sensor was analyzed through the signal characteristics.During the static operation,the indicators were compared with the tolerance to obtain the out-of-tolerance value.Moreover,a digital calibration instrument was used to perform the calibration task.During the dynamic operation,the step function was used to calculate the time constant,frequency and damping ratio.Finally,the calibration equipment was used to calibrate the part that was out of tolerance.Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively calibrate super-difference and ensure calibration accuracy in a short time,so it can be widely applied.