2019年大通湖夏季浮游植物群落结构特征与水质评价

Characteristics of community structure of phytoplankton in the Datong lake in summer and bioassessment of water quality in 2019

为了解大通湖浮游植物群落结构特征,于2019年6月对大通湖浮游植物进行了取样调查,利用藻类生物指数法和生物多样性指数法对水体营养状态进行了评价。结果表明:共鉴定出浮游植物8门204种,12个优势种分别为啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)、卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovate)、吻状隐藻(Cryptomonas rostrata)、微小隐球藻(Aphanocapsa delicatissima)、小席藻(Phorimidium tenus)、类颤藻鱼腥藻(Anabaena oscillarioides)、卷曲鱼腥藻(Anabaena circinalis)、水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena flos-aquae)、梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、肘状针杆藻(Synedra ulna)和细丝藻(Ulothrix tenerrima)。2019年夏季大通湖浮游植物丰度和生物量平均值分别为1.02×10^(6)ind./L和0.87 mg/L。Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Margalef指数分别在1.83~2.64、0.45~0.59和4.09~6.79之间,表明调查期间大通湖浮游植物分布均匀,生物种类数较多,生物多样性较好,群落结构整体稳定。基于藻类生物指数和群落结构对大通湖夏季的水质综合评价表明,研究区域属于中-富营养型湖泊。

In order to reveal the community structure of phytoplankton and water quality in the Datong lake,field sampling of phytoplankton was conducted in June 2019.The eutrophication status of lake water was assessed using the algae biological index and biodiversity index.Results showed that a total of 204 species belonging to 8 classes were identified in this study.The dominant species were Cryptomonas erosa,Cryptomonas ovate,Cryptomonas rostrate,Aphanocapsa delicatissima,Phorimidium tenus,Anabaena oscillarioides,Anabaena circinalis,Anabaena flos-aquae,Cyclotella meneghiniana,Synedra acus,Synedra ulna and Ulothrix tenerrima.The average abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in the Datong lake in summer of 2019 were 1.02×10^(6)ind./L and 0.87mg/L,respectively.The values of Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index,and Margalef index were 1.83 to 2.64,0.45 to 0.59,and 4.09 to 6.79,respectively,indicating that the phytoplankton in the Datong lake was evenly distributed during the survey period,with high species number and high diversity.With strong ability of automatic adjustment,phytoplankton community structure in the Datong lake was stable overall.Comprehensive assessement of the Datong lake water quality based on algae biological index and community structure showed that the study area was a medium-eutrophic lake.