总部驻华国际组织语言政策调查研究

Investigating Language Policies of International Organizations Headquartered in China

总部驻华国际组织的语言政策是我们近距离接触和了解众多其他国际组织语言政策的一个窗口。为此,本文调查了以下6个总部驻华国际组织的语言政策:国际竹藤组织、博鳌亚洲论坛、上海合作组织、国际数字地球学会、金砖国家新开发银行和亚洲基础设施投资银行。本文以文献、问卷和访谈的方式,从语言意识形态、语言管理和语言实践3个角度来分析这些国际组织的语言政策。研究结果表明:采用多语、双语和单语(即英语)政策的各有1、2、3个组织,多语的偏少,而单语的偏多,这不利于中文的地位提升;这些组织的官方语言有英语、中文、俄语、法语和西班牙语,其中英语的地位最高,管理最多,使用最广;中国籍雇员普遍持有强英语弱中文的语言意识形态和语言实践。依此,文章最后提出几点政策性建议。

Given the fact that the language policies(LPs)of international organizations(IOs)headquartered in China are good windows through which we can approach more closely and perceive more clearly LPs in myriads of other IOs.This paper is to examine the LPs of the following 6 IOs headquartered in China:International Network for Bamboo and Rattan,Boao Forum for Asia,Shanghai Cooperation Organization,International Society for Digital Earth,New Development Bank and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.According to the tripartite conceptual framework of LP by Spolsky,the paper is to figure out the language ideologies,managements and practices of these 6 IOs,by gleaning data via documentation,questionnaires and interviews.The research result shows:(1)Multilingualism,bilingualism and monolingualism are practiced respectively by one,two,three IOs.And LPs with unilingualism are so prominent that Chinese language is excluded in some of the 6 IOs;(2)There are merely 5 languages involved in the LPs-English,Chinese,Russian,French and Spanish,with English enjoying the highest status;(3)Chinese employees are usually characterized with the language ideology and practices both emphasizing English more than Chinese.And finally,the paper offers some suggestions on how to face this challenge.