岩土工程典型事故原因新探

New Investigation on the Causes of Typical Accidents in Geotechnical Engineering

在岩土工程设计和建设过程中,由于土的碎散性、多相性和自然变异性而导致的强度、变形及渗流问题屡见不鲜。随着土力学学科的发展与研究人员工程经验的积累及深入研究,国内外学者对三类岩土工程典型事故的原因逐渐有了新的认识,但相关事故原因仍在不断探索中。本研究主要以特朗斯康谷仓、比萨斜塔和提顿大坝等典型岩土工程事故为例,结合土的强度、变形和渗透特性,通过追溯历史及文献调研对其所对应的强度、变形及渗流问题进行了新的探索和分析。同时,从工程防护的角度对以上3类工程问题的事故原因进行了系统总结,以期对未来实际工程设计和建设中所涉及的与土的强度、变形及渗流特性相关的工程问题提供一定的理论依据。

In the process of geotechnical engineering design and construction,the problems of strength,deformation,and seepage are common due to the fragmentation,multiphase,and natural variability of soil.With the development of the discipline of geotechnics and the accumulation of engineering experience and in-depth study by researchers,a new understanding of the causes of three types of typical accidents in geotechnical engineering has been investigated by scholars at home and abroad,but the cause of the accident is still being explored.Taking the typical geotechnical accidents such as the Transcona Grain Elevator,the Leaning Tower of Pisa,and the Teton Dam as examples,and combined with the strength,deformation,and permeability characteristics of soils,the corresponding strength,deformation,and seepage problems in a new way by tracing the history and literature research is explored and analyzed.At the same time,the causes of the above three types of engineering problems are systematically summarized from the engineering protection perspective in order to provide some theoretical basis for future engineering problems related to the strength,deformation,and seepage characteristics of soils involved in practical engineering design and construction.