不同出行方式下城市医疗卫生机构可达性及供需关系研究

Accessibility and Supply-Demand Relationship of Urban Medical and Health Institutions Based on Different Travel Modes

医疗卫生机构的空间可达性是关系城市公共安全和社会稳定的重要因素。以安徽省合肥市市辖区为研究区,从不同出行方式、不同搜索阈值出发,应用网格法和改进的两步移动搜索法对合肥市医疗卫生机构的空间可达性进行全面评价,结果表明驾车出行方式下的可达性最好,其次是骑行和公共交通,步行出行方式下的可达性最差。可达性空间分布上,驾车和骑行出行方式下呈明显的核心圈层结构,公共交通呈东西向带状形态,步行仅在最大搜索阈值下才具有核心圈层结构。在医疗卫生机构供需关系上,高供给模式和低供给模式是两大主导类型,形成典型的“中心-外围”空间格局,中心城区外围地区医疗卫生机构的供不应求是合肥市医疗卫生机构布局的主要问题。研究可为城市医疗卫生资源的合理配置和优化布局提供方法参考和决策依据。

The spatial accessibility of medical and health institutions is an important factor related to urban public security and social stability.Taking Hefei municipal district as the research area,the improved two-step floating catchment area method and grid method are applied to comprehensively evaluate the spatial accessibility of medical and health institutions in Hefei based on different travel modes and different search thresholds.The results show that the accessibility under driving mode is the best,followed by cycling and public transport,and the accessibility under walking mode is the worst.In terms of the spatial distribution of accessibility values,the driving and cycling modes show an obvious core circle structure,the public transport shows an east-west belt shape,and the walking mode has the core circle structure only under the maximum search threshold.In the supply-demand relationship of medical and health institutions,the high supply mode and the low supply mode are the two dominant types,forming a typical“center-periphery”spatial pattern.The shortage of medical and health institutions in the peripheral areas of the central urban area is the main problem in the layout of medical and health institutions in Hefei.The study can provide method reference and decision-making basis for the rational allocation and optimization of urban medical and health resources.