《新中国》的创办及其“报政网络”

The Founding of The New China and Its“Newspaper-politic Network”

《新中国》是“五四”时期的重要刊物,既往研究多发现胡适与其有密切关系,甚至断定胡适为杂志主持者。实际上,《新中国》背后涉及一个更为复杂且庞大的“报政网络”,其中包括北京政府的官员与南北报界的报人。具体而言,杂志是在北京政府总统徐世昌的支持下,由时任财政部次长的张弧出资赞助,报界闻人钱芥尘与叶恒牵线组织,网罗南北报人名流参与撰述。胡适因与钱、叶二人曾共事于《竞业旬报》《大共和日报》的交谊,同《新中国》产生关联,在1919年初《新青年》同人初步分裂后,他曾一度将接办《新中国》作为其独办《新青年》未果的替代方案,终因《新青年》同人的反对而搁置。依托“报政网络”办刊宣传新思潮的方式并不为新派人士所接受,《新中国》因此被视为由军阀官僚赞助、假冒新思潮招牌的杂志。自第二卷起,受张弧资助、总理靳云鹏支持的《又新日报》派出记者张煊、顾君义、王小隐等人主理杂志,进行“革新”,对于旧文学、旧戏的喜好让他们有意区别于北大新派,使得《新中国》新旧兼采。考察《新中国》的创办历程,揭示“报政网络”的聚合离散,有助于重新理解“五四”前后政局与思想舆论界的复杂关系。

The New China was an important publication of the May 4th period.Previous studies have suggested that Hu Shi had a close relationship with it.In fact,Behind the publication was a much more complex and extensive network of newspapers and politics.The magazine was funded by Zhang Hu,the under-secretary of the Ministry of Finance,with the support of Xu Shichang,the president of the Beijing government,and was organised by the newspaper personalities Qian Jiechen and Ye Heng.Hu Shi,who had worked with Qian and Ye on the newspaper,was interested in taking over The New China as an alternative to his unsuccessful plan to run The New Youth alone.But it never happened.The New China had great influence,but was repeatedly criticised by the new school,and was seen as a magazine endorsed by warlord bureaucrats.From the second volume,Zhang Xuan,Gu Junyi and Wang Xiaoyin have managed and renovated the The New China.Examining the history of the founding of The New China and revealing the convergence and divergence of the"newspaper-politic network"will help us to re-understand the complex relationship between the political circles and the media before and after the May 4th Movement.