20世纪埃及马克思主义史学的缘起与流变

The Origin and Evolution of Marxist Historiography in Egypt in the Twentieth Century

埃及马克思主义史学是中东史学颇具特色的重要组成部分,它将历史视为阶级斗争的结果,通过唯物史观分析埃及的社会、经济和政治结构。20世纪是埃及马克思主义史学产生和发展的重要历史时期,体现了历史书写对殖民主义、阶级斗争和社会现实的回应。埃及马克思主义史学不仅是经典马克思主义原理的应用,还扩大了马克思主义中国化的域外传播,其史学演进路径经历了社会思潮到史学流派、教条主义到理论创新、阶级斗争到反极端主义的演变。研究20世纪埃及马克思主义史学,对于推进中国的中东史学史研究具有一定的裨益。

Marxist historiography in Egypt is an important part of Middle East historiography but with its distinctive features.In viewing history as the result of class struggle,it analyzes Egypt's social-economic conditions and political structure from the perspective of historical materialism.The twentieth century was a crucial historical period for the emergence and development of Marxist historiography in this country.It is built upon the response of historical writing to colonialism,class struggle,and social reality.Marxist historiography in Egypt not only continued the application of classical Marxist principles,but also expands the scope of dissemination of Marxist Sinicization beyond China in foreign lands.Its historical evolution has experienced various stages from being trends of social thought to evolving into schools of historiography,from sticking to dogmatism to pursuing theoretical innovation,as well as from promoting class struggle to embracing anti-extremism.The study of twentieth-century Egyptian Marxist historiography has certain theoretical significance and practical value for promoting construction of historical discourse system with Chinese characteristics.