固有淋巴样细胞在机体抗真菌感染免疫应答中的作用

Function of innate lymphoid cells in the antifungal immune response

侵袭性真菌病的发病率与死亡率逐年升高,抵抗真菌感染需要机体多种免疫细胞共同参与。固有淋巴样细胞(ILC)的四类亚群,即自然杀伤(NK)细胞、ILC1、ILC2和ILC3在真菌感染免疫应答中具有不同作用,NK细胞与ILC3以杀伤真菌、保护宿主的作用为主,而ILC2本身不具有显著的抵抗真菌感染能力,但因其细胞可塑性,炎性ILC2在一定条件下可以向ILC3转化。细胞因子的产生是ILC的主要作用方式,这些细胞因子或直接杀伤真菌,或间接调节免疫反应,推动机体完成抗真菌免疫过程。

Invasive fungal diseases are increasing in incidence and mortality.A variety of immune cells are required to fight against fungal infections.The four subpopulations of innate lymphoid cells(ILCs),namely natural killer cell(NK cell),ILC1,ILC2 and ILC3,have different roles in the immune response to fungal infection.NK cells and ILC3 play the main role in killing fungi and protecting the host,while ILC2 itself does not have significant resistance to fungal infection,but because of its cell plasticity,inflammatory ILC2 can be transformed into ILC3 under certain conditions.The main function of ILCs is to produce cytokines which either directly kill fungi or indirectly regulate the immune response,promoting the body to complete the antifungal immune process.