高等教育与劳动力市场辩证关系中的范式转变:重构人力资本、价值和有目的的工作

Shifting Paradigms in the Higher Education-Labour Market Dialectic:Reframing Human Capital,Value and Purposeful Work

本文在近期的经济和社会转型背景下,分析了如何(重新)阐明高等教育与劳动力市场之间的关系。本文提出,对就业力和高等教育产出的重构已逐渐从经典人力资本理论激发的技术主义和功利主义的视角,转向关系性的理解,包括对雇主与毕业生之间的信号互动、人力资本和身份形成作用的阐释。对高等教育在劳动力市场中作用的许多分析忽略了影响毕业生供求调节的情境性和结构性挑战,本文运用“新人力资本”理论解释技能劳动力的供给及其在需求方的有效实现,包括对劳动力质量、价值和目的的关注。这进一步要求学界从根本上重新认识高等教育在实现经济目标方面的角色以及劳动力市场赋能毕业生从事有意义工作方面的能力,这也有助于从政策与实践层面探讨大学和雇主如何更好地互动以及如何促进毕业生和雇主之间形成可持续的关系。

This article analyses how the relationship between higher education and the labour market can be(re)articulated during times of recent economic and social transformation.We argue that there has been a gradual reframing of employability and higher education outcomes from technicist and utilitarian perspectives,often inspired by classical human capital theory,towards relational understandings that include interactive signalling between employers and graduates,as well as the role of capital and identity formation.Many of the understandings of higher education s role in the labour market elide contextual and structural challenges that impact how the supply of and demand for graduates is regulated.The paper applies the New Human Capital approach for understanding the supply of skilled labour and its effective realisation at the demand side,including concerns over labour quality,value and purpose.This further entails a fundamental retooling in our understanding of higher education s role in meeting economic goals and the labour market s capacity for enabling the realisation of graduates potential for meaningful labour.This raises wider policy and practical implications for how universities and employers may better interact and facilitating sustainable relationships between graduates and employers.From University to Workplace:Review,Reflection and New Directions in Graduate Employability Research CAI Yuzhuo,ZHANG Qiaotong Page 23[HJ2.2mm]The current employment environment for university graduates is undergoing significant changes and facing unprecedented challenges.This paper reviews and reflects on the academic development of graduate employability research,explores how to address key controversies in scholarly literature,and anticipates future research directions.It emphasizes the use of a university-workplace interaction perspective in this field of study.In this perspective,the paper theoretically analyzes the transformation and change of society,higher education and labor market over the past decade,pointing out that these changes have brought new demands and challenges for graduate employability research.On such basis,this paper focuses on the latest theoretical developments in the field,particularly the employability analytical framework that integrates the capital perspective,institutionalism and agency,which can be used to comprehensively analyze the interactive relationships between university graduates and employers.Finally,it explores how this theoretical framework can help resolve the current academic controversy in employability research.