农业环境损害鉴定基线确定技术研究

Technical specifications for the baseline determination of agricultural environmental damage

基线确定是农业环境损害鉴定评估的基础和关键环节,是损害时空范围量化、恢复目标确定、损害价值量化及恢复效果评估的重要依据。本文基于现实案例,系统研究了农业环境损害特征、确定原则与调查指标、技术方法、选择顺位等内容。结果表明,不同农业受体基线确定存在显著差异,在基线选择顺位上应差别化对待,不宜机械采用《生态环境损害鉴定评估技术指南总纲和关键环节第1部分:总纲》所明确的统一基线标准,应根据农业生物、环境要素、生态系统等不同受体类型,以及环境损害特征等因素综合确定选择顺位和方法。

Baseline determination is the foundation and key link for identifying and assessing agricultural environmental damage.It is an important basis for quantifying the spatiotemporal scope of the damage,determining recovery objectives,quantifying the damage value,and assessing recovery effects.In this article,the characteristics of agricultural environmental damage,baseline overview,determination principles and investigation indicators,technical methods,and selection order are systematically studied on the basis of practical cases.The results indicate that there are significant differences in the determination of baselines for different agricultural receptors,and the order of baseline selection should be treated differently.The unified baseline standards specified in the“Technical guidelines for identification and assessment of environmental damage-General principles and key components–Part 1:General principles”should not just be adopted mechanically.The selection order and method should be comprehensively determined on the basis of different types of receptors,such as agricultural organisms,environmental factors,ecosystems,and environmental damage characteristics.