三七主根稀土元素指纹特征及产地判别

Fingerprint characteristics and origin traceability of rare earth elements in main root of Panax notoginseng

为探明不同产地三七中稀土元素含量和分布状况,并利用稀土元素对三七产地进行判别,采用ICP-MS对采自广西产区、云南文山产区和云南新扩展产区的44个三七主根中16种稀土元素进行测定,并应用美国环保署(USEPA)的健康风险模型对三七主根稀土健康风险进行评价。结果表明:稀土元素Tm和Lu未检测出,其余14种稀土元素的总含量为0.943~11.911 mg·kg^(-1),根据人体每日稀土允许摄入量为0.07 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)计算,三七主根中稀土元素总含量不会对人体健康产生危害。三七主根中各稀土元素平均含量大小为Ce>La>Nd>Y>Sc>Pr>Sm>Gd>Dy>Er>Yb>Eu>Tb>Ho,总体表现为轻稀土元素相对富集。对14种稀土元素进行单因素方差分析和Duncan’s多重比较表明,三七主根中稀土元素含量在不同产区存在差异,但同种稀土元素在不同产区的丰度变化具有相似性。利用Fisher判别模型对3个三七产区主根判别的正确率分别100%、80.0%、87.5%,平均为86.4%。利用多层感知神经网络模型对三七主根产区判别训练集的正确率为96.6%,检验集的正确率为93.3%。研究表明,三七主根中稀土元素含量在不同产区存在差异,稀土元素可以作为三七产地判别的重要指标。

This study aimed to explore the content and distribution of rare earth elements in Panax notoginseng from different producing areas and to distinguish the producing areas of P.notoginseng,using rare earth elements.The ICP-MS method was used to identify 16 rare earth elements in the main root of P.notoginseng collected from 44 producing areas in Guangxi,Yunnan Wenshan,and Yunnan new cultivating regions.A health risk assessment of rare earth elements in the main root of P.notoginseng was carried out using the health risk model of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.The results showed that rare earth elements Tm and Lu were not detected.The total content of the remaining 14 rare earth elements was 0.943–11.911 mg·kg^(-1).Based on the allowable daily intake(ADI)of 0.07 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),the total content of rare earth elements in the main root of P.notoginseng was not harmful to human health.The average content of each rare earth element in the main root of P.notoginseng was Ce>La>Nd>Y>Sc>Pr>Sm>Gd>Dy>Er>Yb>Eu>Tb>Ho,which is relatively enriched for light rare earth elements.One-way analysis of variance and Duncan′s multiple comparison of the 14 rare earth elements showed that the content of rare earth elements in the main root of P.notoginseng was different in different producing areas,but the abundance changes of the same rare earth elements in different producing areas were similar.The correct discrimination rates of the Fisher discriminant model for three main root producing areas of P.notoginseng were 100%,80%,and 87.5%,respectively,with an average of 86.4%.The accuracy of the training set was 96.6%,and the accuracy of the test set was 93.3%,calculated using the multi-layer perceptual neural network model.The content of rare earth elements in the main root of P.notoginseng varies in different producing areas,and rare earth elements can be used as an important index to distinguish between the producing areas of P.notoginseng.