基因编辑工具CRISPR-Cas9与CRISPR-Cas12a的比较与应用

The Diversity and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a

基因编辑技术的突飞猛进,使得生物体的遗传与改造技术具有空前的深度与广度。基因编辑技术中的CRISPR-Cas系统由于其在检测、诊断方面的高灵活性、敏感性和特异性而为人们所熟知。CRISPR-Cas系统中的Class2是由单个多域蛋白组成的效应模块,Class2中的CRISPR-Cas9和CRISPR-Cas12a是广泛应用的基因编辑工具。对CRISPR-Cas9和CRISPR-Cas12a的作用机制和应用领域进行比较,以便更好应用该项技术。

The rapid advancement of gene editing technology in recent years has brought the inheritance and modification of organisms into an unprecedented depth and breadth.Among them,the CRISPR-Cas system,which is well known for its high flexibility,sensitivity and specificity in therapy and diagnosis.Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are effector modules consisting of individual multi-domain proteins,among which,CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a are widely used as powerful tools for gene editing for prevention and therapy.This review focuses on comparing CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a in terms of mechanism of action and application areas.