超级平台竞争中立义务构建

Construction of Competitive Neutrality Obligation for Super Platforms

超级平台的竞争非中立行为已经产生了损害平台内次级市场的公平竞争秩序、剥削市场用户利益的负面垄断效果,其所依凭的数据和算法的双轮驱动力使得市场“无形之手”调制失灵,亟需政府“有形之手”介入。传统反垄断执法监管常常无的放矢,产生“一管就死、一放就乱”的监管乱象,一味予以封禁性、惩罚性措施,有悖于发挥保障数字市场经济健康发展的反垄断效用。为平衡数字市场经济发展与超级平台固有垄断的矛盾,发挥反垄断执法监管对数字市场竞争行为的“监督-威慑-指导-激励”的四阶效用,对于超级平台的竞争非中立行为,反垄断执法监管必须将关注重心由消极责任转向积极义务,以推动超级平台自觉保持竞争中立为目标,既需要完善反垄断法律体系的积极义务性规定,同时解决监管失当的问题。

The non-neutral competitive behaviors of super platforms have caused negative monopolistic effects,undermining fair competition within the platform's secondary markets and exploiting the interests of market users.Given that their reliance on data and algorithms has rendered the market's"invisible hand"ineffective,urgent government intervention is required.Traditional anti-monopoly law enforcement and supervision often lack a clear focus,leading to chaotic regulatory situations where over-regulation stifles innovation while lax regulation leads to chaos.Blindly imposing prohibitive and punitive measures runs counter to the purpose of anti-monopoly law in ensuring the healthy development of the digital market economy.To balance the development of the digital market economy with the inherent monopoly of super platforms,and to utilize the four-stage approach of'supervision-deterrence-guidance-incentive'in anti-monopoly law enforcement and supervision to shape competitive behavior in the digital market,anti-monopoly law enforcement and supervision must shift its focus from reactive measures to proactive obligations.With the goal of encouraging super platforms to voluntarily maintain competition neutrality,it is crucial to enhance the proactive and obligatory provisions within the anti-monopoly legal framework while addressing issues of inadequate regulation.