柠檬园柑橘红蜘蛛种群变化趋势和田间防治效果研究

Population Change Trend and Field Control Effect of Panonychus citri in Lemon Orchard

在云南省保山市干热河谷区柠檬园内连续4年开展了柑橘红蜘蛛的消长规律调查和田间药剂防治效果研究。结果表明,2019—2022年柠檬园内柑橘红蜘蛛成螨在前三年虫口基数总体出现上升的趋势,2022年虫口基数相对于2021年有所降低。不同年份同月虫口基数变化也比较明显,其中1、3、4、8、9和12月虫口最高的年份都是2021年,2、5、6和7月虫口最高的年份是2022年,10月2019年和2021年虫口一样,11月虫口最高的年份是2019年。田间药效试验的5种药剂对柠檬植株上柑橘红蜘蛛防治速效性最好的是30%乙唑螨腈,且与其他4种药剂防效差异性显著,其次是28%唑螨酯和43%联苯肼酯。从整株防效上来看,22.4%螺虫乙酯、28%唑螨酯、43%联苯肼酯和30%乙唑螨腈持效性都比较好,四者防治效果差异不显著。从不同方位的防效来看,速效性最好的是30%乙唑螨腈,对任何一面的速效性都好,其次是43%联苯肼酯,240 g/L螺螨酯对任何一面的速效性均较差。从持效性来看,43%联苯肼酯对东、南、北面的效果较好;其次是30%乙唑螨腈,28%唑螨酯次之,240 g/L螺螨酯效果较差。建议在生产上选用30%乙唑螨腈、43%联苯肼酯和28%唑螨酯进行轮换使用。

The study on the growth of citrus red spider and the effect of pesticide control in lemon gardens in the dry-hot river valley of Baoshan City inYunnan Province was carried out for four consecutive years.The results showed that the insect population base of adult spider mites in the lemon garden from 2019 to 2022 showed an overall increase trend in the first three years,and the insect population base in 2022 was lower than that in 2021.The population base of the same month in different years also changed significantly,among which the highest population in January,March,April,August,September and December was 2021,the highest population in February,May,June and July was 2022,the highest population in October 2019 and 2021 were the same,and the highest population in November was 2019.Among the five agents in the field efficacy test,30%prenoxdiazin had the best control effect on citrus red spider on lemon plants,and the difference was significant compared with other four agen s,followed by 28%fenpyroximate and 43%biifenazate.From the point of view of the control effect of the whole plant,22.4%spirotetramat,28%fenpyroximate,43%biifenazate and 30%prenoxdiazin were good,and the control effect of the four was not significant.From the point of view of the control effect of different directions,the best quick effect was 30%prenoxdiazin,which had good quick effect on any side,followed by 43%biifenazate,and 240 g×L‒1 spirodiclofen had the worse quick effect on any side.From the point of view of efficacy,except Simeon,43%biifenazate had the better effect,followed by 30%prenoxdiazin,28%fenpyroximate,and 240 g×L‒1 spirodiclofen had the worse effect.It was suggested that 30%prenoxdiazin、43%biifenazate and 28%fenpyroximate should be used alternately in production.