简论魏晋南北朝挽歌的艺术特点

On the Artistic Characteristics of Elegy in the Wei,Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties

魏晋南北朝挽歌在艺术上具有死生对比鲜明、情调悲伤凄怆、体制形态多样化等特点。这些特点的形成与挽歌的产生及应用场景密切相关。生死对立的客观现实,造成了对比手法的广泛运用。不同历史时期的丧葬仪式的变化、思想观念的差异以及挽歌自身的存在状态,造成了挽歌不同的体制形态。

The art of elegy in the Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties has the characteristics of contrast between life and death,sad and sorrowful mood,and diversified system forms.The formation of these characteristics is closely related to the generation and application of elegy.The objective reality of the opposition between life and death has led to the widespread use of contrast techniques.The changes of funeral rituals,the differences of ideas and the existence of elegy in different historical periods have resulted in different system forms of elegy.