基层立法联系点建议征集研究

A Research on the Suggestion-Collecting on the Contact Points of Grass-roots Legislation

建立基层立法联系点是贯彻全过程人民民主的中国经验。全过程人民民主既包括选举过程,还包括立法、执法与司法过程的参与,以及党的重大政策制定等方面决策过程的参与。现阶段全过程人民民主的不足表现为:对收集意见的处理情况不明确;收集意见起的作用不明显;征求意见的方式有待优化;征求意见期间制度执行不严格;基层立法联系点征集的意见质量不高。究其原因在于,有理论上的局限,对程序性规定重要性的认识不到位,制度执行不严格,制度不完善,基层立法联系点意见提供者考虑问题不周全。应该延长征求意见时间,细化征求意见程序,扩大征求意见的材料范围,应通报意见不予采纳情况,完善建言献策激励机制,完善法律责任制度,加强基层普法工作,拓展理论研究视野。

The establishment of grass-roots legislative contact points is a Chinese experience in implementing people’s democracy throughout the entire process.People’s democracy in the entire process includes not only the electoral process,but also participation in the legislative,law-enforcement and judicial processes,as well as participation in the decision-mak⁃ing process with regard to the formulation of major Party policies.The shortcomings of people’s democracy in the whole pro⁃cess at the present stage are as follows:the handling of the opinions collected is unclear;the function of the collection of opin⁃ions is not obvious;the way in which opinions are solicited needs to be optimized;the system for the period during which opinions are solicited is not rigorously enforced;and the quality of the opinions collected by grass-roots legislative contact points is not high.The reasons for this lie in theoretical limitations,a lack of awareness of the importance of procedural provi⁃sions,a lack of vigor in the implementation of the system,a lack of perfection in the system,and a lack of thorough consider⁃ation by the providers of opinions to the grass-roots legislative contact points.The time for soliciting opinions should be ex⁃tended,the procedures for soliciting opinions should be refined,the range of materials for soliciting opinions should be ex⁃panded,information should be provided on the non-adoption of opinions,the incentive mechanism for advice should be im⁃proved,the system of legal liability should be improved,grass-roots legal literacy should be strengthened,and the horizons of theoretical research should be broadened.