文艺学的文化研究转向与接受之反思

Reflections on Cultural Research Turning and Acceptance in Study of Literature and Art

中国当代文艺学研究向文化研究方向的转移,是学界面对大众文化的兴盛现实所作出的合理回应,但其中也包含着不少有待进一步辩证讨论的问题。文化研究同对“文化”的理解及建立在这一基础上的批判意识相关,与英国伯明翰学派等对工人阶级的关注不同,国内的文化研究是从提倡“日常生活的审美化”开始的,缺乏应有的批判意识。而国内的文化研究转向以学界对文艺社会学的接受、文艺在一定程度上的先锋性,以及人文学者的现实关怀为基础铺垫才得以成型。基于这些情况与既存问题,需重新审视并反思国内文化研究的缘起及其影响下的研究导向,同时重新厘清文艺学的研究边界与其所能实现的文化研究可能性,继而讨论文化研究的应有理念与方向。

The shift in the direction of contemporary Chinese literary studies towards cultural studies is a reasonable re⁃sponse by the academic community to the reality of the flourishing of popular culture,but it also contains a number of issues that need to be further discussed in a dialectical manner.Cultural studies are related to the understanding of“culture”and the critical consciousness based on it.Unlike the Birmingham School in the UK,which paid attention to the working class,cultur⁃al studies in China began with the promotion of the“aestheticization of daily life”,and lacked the critical consciousness it de⁃served.The domestic cultural studies began with the promotion of“the aestheticization of daily life”and lacked proper critical awareness.The shift in cultural studies in China took shape on the basis of the acceptance of the sociology of literature and art,the pioneering nature of literature and art to a certain extent,and the realistic concern of humanities scholars.Based on these circumstances and existing problems,it is necessary to re-examine and rethink the origin of domestic cultural research and the research orientation under its influence,and at the same time to clarify the research boundaries of Literature and Arts and its possibilities of cultural research,and then to discuss the proper concepts and directions of cultural research.