清末民国杭州城市聚落变迁——以《浙江省城图》《杭州市街及西湖附近图》为中心的考察

Changes of Hangzhou urban settlement during the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China period:a study based on“City maps of Zhejiang Province”and“Street maps of Hangzhou and surroundings of West Lake”

采用清末、民国时期最典型的城市地图,复原杭州城市聚落,用来考察近代以来杭州城市聚落的数量及其分布演变的特征。研究表明,受拆城筑路、人口增长、都市设计等影响,杭州城市聚落变迁的特征为在数量上,大量增加,几近一倍,规模随之扩大,从单核向多核、成片发展,直至覆盖整个城市;在布局上,南北方向、御街中心的特点基本不变,但朝西南方向略有偏移。这作为城市空间变迁的主要表现,折射了杭州城市的近代化进程。

This paper aims to examine the characteristics of the quantity and distribution changes of Hangzhou's urban settlements during modern times.The study uses the most typical city maps from the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period to reconstruct the urban settlement of Hangzhou.The results show that the changes in Hangzhou's urban settlements were influenced by factors such as demolition for road construction,population growth,and urban planning.In terms of quantity,there was a significant increase,almost doubling in number,with the size expanding accordingly,developing from a single core to multiple cores,forming clusters,and eventually covering the entire city.In terms of layout,the characteristics of the south-north direction and the central axis of the imperial street remain relatively unchanged,but there is a slight shift towards the southwest direction.This serves as the main manifestation of the spatial changes in the city and reflects the modernization process of Hangzhou.