监察体制改革背景下村干部“微腐败”行为治理:成效与路径

Research on the Micro Corruption of Village Cadres under the Background of Supervision System Reform:Effectiveness and Path

村干部是区别于国家公务员的一个特殊群体,其亦官亦民的特征使其具有身份上的复合性,具有村民代理人、政府代理人和党的基层干部中的双重或三重身份。国家监察体制改革前,村干部监督机制存在制度性空白。长期游走在国家监察体系和党的纪律检查体系乃至国家法律体系中的灰色地带,是造成基层村干部“微腐败”现象易发多发且治理困难的重要原因之一。监察体制改革及《监察法》的实施,使村干部被纳入监察机关监督对象和监察职责范畴,对其腐败行为进行的专项治理和常规化治理取得了明显的成效。新时代,聚焦乡村振兴重点领域关键环节,找准监督发力点,必须坚持党建引领,加强党对农村工作的全面领导,要充分发挥纪检监察机关政治化动员机制优势,形成监督合力;完善纪法衔接、法法衔接,发挥党纪国法协同推进的共治效应;实现关口前移,更好运用监督执纪“四种形态”;加强小微权力监督管理,积极探索推广村级权力清单制度;深化标本兼治,一体推进“三不腐”体制机制建设。

Village cadres are a special group distinct from national civil servants.Their dual or even triple identity,as both villagers’agents,government representatives,and Party grassroots cadres,gives them a complex status.Prior to the reform of the national supervision system,there was a systemic gap in the supervision mechanism for village cadres.Long operating in a grey area between the national supervision system,the Party’s discipline inspection system,and even the national legal system,village cadres have become more susceptible to and difficult to govern in terms of frequent occurrences of“micro corruption”at the grassroots level,which is one of the crucial factors contributing to the problem.The reform of the supervision system and the implementation of the Supervision Law have brought significant results in the specialized and routine management of corrupt behaviors among village cadres,as they are now included in the objects and responsibilities of supervisory organs.In the new era,in order to focus on the key areas and links of rural revitalization,it is necessary to adhere to the leadership of Party building,strengthen the comprehensive leadership of the Party in rural work,fully leverage the advantages of the political mobilization mechanism of disciplinary and supervisory organs,and form a joint force of supervision.It is important to improve the connection between discipline and law,and promote the coordinated governance effect of Party discipline and national law.Moreover,it is also necessary to move the supervision to an earlier stage,better utilize the“four forms”of supervision and discipline,strengthen the supervision and management of small and micro powers,actively explore and promote the system of village power lists,and deepen the integrated construction of the“three non-corrupt”system and mechanism.