我国高新技术产业绿色创新效率测度及影响因素分析

The Measurement and Antecedents of Green Innovation Efficiency of Chinese High-tech Industries

根据2011—2020年各省(区、市)高新技术产业面板数据,通过超效率SBM模型和ML指数对两阶段高新技术产业绿色创新效率进行静态和动态测度,并使用Tobit面板回归分析高新技术产业绿色创新效率的影响因素。研究发现:(1)从静态和动态效率来看,我国高新技术产业绿色创新效率处于中上水平,整体发展趋势良好。(2)分阶段来看,研发阶段和成果转化阶段的绿色创新效率呈波动“V”形变化,且成果转化阶段效率值更高,说明我国高新技术产业在成果转化阶段的效率值更容易上升;整体来看,高新技术产业绿色创新效率较为依赖纯技术效率水平。(3)环境规制和市场结构抑制高新技术产业绿色创新效率提升,地区经济发展水平对高新技术产业绿色创新效率提升有促进作用。

With the increasingly prominent global environmental problems,green innovation has become the key to promote the sustainable development of high-tech industries.Based on the panel data of China's high-tech industries from 2011 to 2020,this paper aims to deeply analyze the change of green innovation efficiency of China's high-tech industries and its influencing factors.Drawing on the theory of the innovation value chain,the study bifurcates green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries into two phases:research and development stage and achievement conversion stage,breaking the limitation of viewing the innovation process as a "black box".The study employs the super-efficiency SBM model to measure the static green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries,which can assess efficiency values across multiple stages and incorporates indicators of undesirable outputs in high-tech industries,and it can effectively measure the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries in each province..Additionally,the ML index model is used to gauge the dynamic green innovation efficiency,revealing changes in time series.Both dynamic and static measurements include an analysis of the green innovation efficiency index decomposition and regional disparities in Eastern,Central,and Western China,moving beyond mere comparisons of individual provinces.This comprehensive approach aids in depicting the variations in green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries.The study also utilizes the Tobit panel regression model to analyze factors influencing green innovation efficiency,offering insights at both the overall and regional levels,thus providing scientific recommendations for enhancing green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries.The results indicate that China's high-tech industry generally exhibits a moderately high level of green innovation efficiency,both from static and dynamic perspectives.Moreover,there is a positive development trend,signifying progress in green innovation during the study period.The efficiency of both the research and development stage as well as achievement conversion stage show a fluctuating "V-shaped" trend,with the latter phase demonstrating higher efficiency.This suggests China's strong capability in translating R&D outcomes of high-tech industries into practical applications.Overall,the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries largely depends on their pure technical efficiency.In terms of influencing factors,environmental regulation and market structure hinder the enhancement of green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries to some extent.Strict environmental regulations may limit green innovation activities,while a lower market concentration facilitates the improvement of green innovation efficiency.Additionally,the economic development level of a region has a positive impact on green innovation efficiency,indicating that provinces with higher economic levels are more likely to promote green innovation in high-tech enterprises.The results of this study hold significant implications for policy-making and management of high-tech industries in various provinces.It suggests that policymakers should establish regional standards for green innovation in high-tech industries,encourage such innovation through R&D subsidies and special funds,and establish green technology demonstration projects to create a ripple effect,attracting more high-tech enterprises to participate in green innovation.This study provides a deeper understanding of the current state and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency in China's high-tech industries,offering theoretical support and practical guidance for their sustainable development.