从联合到控诉:蒋廷黻对苏外交思想变迁的根源及影响

From Union to Accusation:The Roots and Influence of the Change in Jiang Tingfu’s the Diplomatic Thoughts Towards the Soviet Union

从九一八事变发生前后初次发表关于中国对苏外交立场的言论,到20世纪50年代卸任驻联合国代表,蒋廷黻的对苏外交思想发生了从积极联合到不偏不倚,再到坚决反对的变化。推动这些变化产生的根源,主要在国际政治体系的结构变化与“中国”的相对位置、苏联的反应以及蒋廷黻个人所持有的现实主义外交理念三方面。蒋廷黻的对苏外交思想对中苏关系的历史演变产生了重要影响,主要体现在促进新疆问题的解决并为抗战初期苏联对华军事援助创造了条件,以及从侧面推动了苏联二战后在国共内战上态度的演变,最终影响到了中国历史的进程。

From Jiang Tingfu’s initial remarks on China’s diplomatic position towards the Soviet Union before and after the September 18th Incident,to his stepping down as the ambassador of China to the United Nations in the 1950s,Jiang Tingfu’s diplomatic thoughts on the Soviet Union changed from active association to impartiality and then to resolute opposition.The roots for these changes mainly lie in the structural changes of the international political system and the relative position of“China”,the reaction of the Soviet Union and the realistic diplomatic ideas held by Jiang Tingfu personally.Jiang Tingfu’s diplomatic thoughts on the Soviet Union had an important influence on the historical evolution of Sino-Soviet relations,which was mainly reflected in that it promoted the settlement of the Xinjiang issue and created conditions for Soviet military assistance to China in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War.It also promoted the evolution of the Soviet Union’s attitude towards the civil war between the KMT and the CPC after World WarⅡ,and finally influenced the process of Chinese history.