虚拟货币洗钱犯罪的侦查难点及治理对策研究

Analysis of the Difficulties in Investigating Virtual Currency Money Laundering Crimes and Countermeasures for Governance

当前,虚拟货币洗钱犯罪的发案数量增多、涉案金额较高、涉案币种集中,呈现出隐蔽性强、风险性低、限制性弱等特点。依据赃款合法化的原因,可将虚拟货币洗钱手法分为利用善意取得基础、利用虚拟货币自身特点、利用金融活动、利用行为隐蔽性和利用“无关”第三人洗钱等五种情形。对该类犯罪的侦查活动存在线索发现难、证据收集难、身份关联难和资金追缴难等难点,需要从加强预警监测、总结侦查战法、完善制度保障和调整人力配置等方面,强化治理虚拟货币洗钱犯罪的能力。

Nowadays,the number of virtual currency money laundering crimes is on the rise,the amount involved is large,and the currencies involved are concentrated.All these show the characteristics of strong concealment,low risk and weak restrictions.According to the causes for the legalization of illicit money,there are mainly five ways for virtual currency money laundering,namely the use of the basis of bona fide acquisition,the use of virtual currencies’characteristics,the use of financial activities,the use of behavioral concealment,and the use of“unrelated”third-party money-laundering.The investigation of this type of crimes involves difficulties in the discovery of clues,the collection of evidence,the correlation of identities and the recovery of funds.It is necessary to strengthen the ability to manage virtual currency money-laundering from the aspects of strengthening early warning and monitoring,summarizing the methods of investigation and warfare,perfecting the system of safeguards and adjusting the allocation of manpower.