晚黑宝葡萄贮藏性和生根性调查分析

Investigation and Analysis about Storage and Rooting of‘Wanheibao’Grape

【目的】探究‘晚黑宝’葡萄贮藏性和生根性,以期为‘晚黑宝’葡萄在生产上的推广可行性研究评价提供基础。【方法】1)采用葡萄保鲜片[SX-4号],对‘晚黑宝’及生产上的主栽品种‘玫瑰香’‘红地球’进行贮藏,120 d后统计分析贮藏期间各葡萄品种的落粒率、烂果率、损失率、可溶性固形物质量分数等;2)选取‘晚黑宝’及其父母本品种‘秋红’‘瑰宝’,以及生产上的主栽品种‘玫瑰香’1年生硬枝单芽段作为试材,扦插于电热温床(地温控制在25℃),30 d后统计分析各品种的萌芽率、生根率、每芽段生根条数、芽段平均根长等。【结果】1)贮藏120 d后,‘晚黑宝’烂果率较对照品种‘玫瑰香’和‘红地球’分别低6.7%和5.3%;损失率较对照品种‘玫瑰香’和‘红地球’分别低15.8%和8.6%;‘晚黑宝’各项指标的耗损率明显低于其他两个品种。2)扦插30 d后,‘晚黑宝’生根率为81.3%,低于母本‘瑰宝’18.7%,高于父本‘秋红’及对照品种‘玫瑰香’8.0%和5.5%;‘晚黑宝’属于易生根好繁殖的品种。【结论】晚黑宝耐贮性较好,易生根,利于在生产上大面积推广。

【Objective】To explore the storage and rooting ability of‘Wanheibao’grape in order to provide a basis for the feasibility study and evaluation of the promotion of‘Wanheibao’grape in production.【Methods】1)The grape fresh-keeping tablets[SX-4]were used to store‘Wanheibao’,‘Muscat Hamburg’and‘Red globe’for 120 days,and the rate of dropping grain,rotten fruit,losing fruit and the content of soluble solids were statistically analyzed during storage.2)Taking the annual dormant branches of‘Wanheibao’、‘Guibao’、‘Autumn Red’、‘Muscat Hamburg’as the experimental material,the germination rate,rooting rate,root number,the average root length of bud segment were investigated after the cuttings were placed in an electric hotbed(the ground temperature was controlled at 25℃)for 30 days.【Results】1)After 120 days of storage,the rot rate of‘Wanheibao’was 6.7% and was 5.3% lower than that of‘Muscat Hamburg’and‘Red Globe’,respectively.The loss rate was 15.8% and 8.6% lower than that of‘Muscat Hamburg’and‘Red Globe’,respectively.The loss rate of each index is obviously lower than other two cultivars.2)After 30 days of cutting,the rooting rate of‘Wanheibao’was 81.3%,which was 18.7% lower than the female parent‘Guibao’and 8.0% and 5.5% higher than the male parent‘Autumn Red’and the control cultivar‘Muscat Hamburg’.‘Wanheibao’was a cultivar which is easy to take root and propagate.【Conclusion】‘Wanheibao’has good storage resistance and is easy to take root,which is conducive to large-scale promotion in planting.