基于SSR标记的黄骅古贝壳堤濒危酸枣独特性分析

SSR Markers Reveal the Specialty of Endangered Sour Jujube at Huanghua Ancient Chenier

【目的】黄骅古贝壳堤自然保护区酸枣种质可作为筛选枣抗盐碱砧木的重要资源,但已处于濒危状态。对这些酸枣种质的挖掘研究,可为其合理利用、保护提供参考依据。【方法】本研究以黄骅古贝壳堤36个酸枣类型和来自8个省份的枣属57个种质为试材,采用SSR分子标记,通过遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析,揭示贝壳堤酸枣的特殊性。【结果】20对SSR引物从93份材料共获得138个等位基因,平均每个位点6.9个等位基因。聚类分析将93份材料可分为9类,I类包含了黄骅古贝壳堤酸枣全部36个基因型,多样性值分别为Na=5.40,Ne=3.18,I=1.30。通过群体结构分析得到的9个亚种群与聚类结果相对应。在Q≥0.6、Q≥0.8和Q≥0.9时,黄骅古贝壳堤酸枣种群的基因型数分别占97.4%、92.1%和86.8%。黄骅古贝壳堤酸枣虽然表现出遗传多样性,但它与其他居群遗传成分交流较少。【结论】黄骅古贝壳堤的野生濒危酸枣种质资源独特,应加强保护和评价利用。

【Objective】Sour jujube germplasms at Huanghua ancient Chenier,a provincial nature reserve,are potential resources for Chinese jujube rootstock with resistance to saline-alkali,yet the germplasms are endangered.The research on these germplasms can provide references for its rational utilization and protection.【Methods】Thirty-six sour jujubes collected from Huanghua ancient chenier and 57 jujube accessions from 8 provinces were used as materials to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship by SSR molecular marker technique,in order to reveal the specialty of sour jujube germplasm resources at Huanghua ancient chenier.【Results】The results showed that a total of 138 alleles with an average of 6.9 alleles per locus were obtained by 20 SSR primer pairs.The accessions were divided into nine main groups and cluster I contained all 36 sour jujube genotypes from Huanghua ancient chenier with diversity values(Na=5.40,Ne=3.18,I=1.30).Nine subpopulations obtained by analysis of population structure corresponded to the cluster results.The number of genotypes accounted for 97.4%,92.1% and 86.8% of Huanghua ancient chenier population at Q≥0.6,Q≥0.8 and Q≥0.9,respectively.The sour jujube population of Huanghua ancient chenier showed genetic diversity,yet the exchange of genetic components between Huanghua ancient chenier population and other populations was relatively low.【Conclusion】The wild and endangered sour jujube germplasms at Huanghua ancient chenier are distinctive resources and should be further conserved,evaluated and utilized.