基于ArcGIS的秦岭汉中植烟土壤养分现状及空间分布特征分析

Analysis of Nutrient Status and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Tobacco Planting Soil in Hanzhong of Qinling Mountains based on ArcGIS

通过分析秦岭汉中地区植烟土壤养分含量,为秦岭汉中植烟土壤科学施肥和土壤健康培育提供理论依据。运用统计学方法和ArcGIS软件分析秦岭汉中植烟土壤养分空间分布规律及特征。研究表明:秦岭汉中植烟土壤有机质、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH平均值分别为16.69 g/kg、159.31 g/kg、43.34 mg/kg、375.22 mg/kg和pH 6.21;土壤有机质含量主要属于第4级别,所占比例为34.09%,速效氮主要属于第2级别,所占比例为46.59%,土壤有效磷、速效钾和pH主要属于第1级别,所占比例分别为38.64%、75.00%和23.86%;土壤各养分含量之间呈极显著正相关关系;从空间分布来看,土壤有机质含量和速效氮含量以南郑县和西乡县接壤地区最高,有效磷含量以宁强县和南郑县最高,速效钾含量以南郑县、宁强县和西乡县最高,pH等级以略阳县中南部、勉县南部、南郑县北部和西乡县中部最高。勉县、洋县、略阳县和西乡县土壤养分含量相对较低,南郑县和宁强县土壤养分状况相对较好,建议增施有机肥提升土壤有机碳含量,并减少化肥的施用,增强土壤固碳培肥能力。

The nutrient content of tobacco planting soil in Hanzhong area of Qinling Mountains was analyzed to provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and soil health cultivation of tobacco planting soil in Hanzhong area of Qinling Mountains.The spatial distribution law and characteristics of soil nutrients for tobacco planting in Hanzhong,Qinling Mountains were analyzed by using statistical methods and ArcGIS software.The results showed that the average values of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and pH of tobacco planting soil in Hanzhong,Qinling Mountains were 16.69 g/kg,159.31 g/kg,43.34 mg/kg,375.22 mg/kg and pH 6.21.The content of soil organic matter mainly belonged to the fourth grade,accounting for 34.09%;the content of available nitrogen mainly belonged to the second grade,accounting for 46.59%;the content of available phosphorus,available potassium and pH mainly belonged to the first grade,accounting for 38.64%,75.00%and 23.86%,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between soil nutrient contents;in term of spatial distribution,the soil organic matter content and available nitrogen content were the highest in the area bordering Nanzheng County and Xixiang County,the available phosphorus content was the highest in Ningqiang County and Nanzheng County,the available potassium content was the highest in Nanzheng County,Ningqiang County and Xixiang County,and the pH level was the highest in the south-central part of Lueyang County,the southern part of Mian County,the northern part of Nanzheng County and the central part of Xixiang County.The soil nutrient content in Mian County,Yang County,Lueyang County and Xixiang County was relatively low.The soil nutrient status in Nanzheng County and Ningqiang County was good.It is suggested to increase the content of soil organic carbon by applying organic fertilizer,reduce the application of chemical fertilizer,and enhance the ability of soil carbon fixation and fertilization.