茄科植物花青素合成相关的MYB转录因子研究进展

Research Progress on MYB Transcription Factors Related to Anthocyanin Synthesis in Solanaceae

MYB转录因子是植物中最大的一类转录因子家族,其重要的功能之一是调控花青素的合成。为了全面了解MYB转录因子对茄科植物花青素合成的调控作用,本研究从基因分离克隆、时空表达、调控方式等方面归纳了矮牵牛、马铃薯、番茄、辣椒、茄子、烟草、枸杞等7种茄科植物与花青素合成相关的MYB转录因子的研究进展。通过对已报道的茄科植物花青素代谢途径相关的MYB转录因子基因进行系统发育分析,发现不同茄科植物上激活型和抑制型MYB转录因子按功能聚类;调控果实花青素合成的关键MYB转录因子基因SlANT1、SmMYB1、StAN1、StAN2优先聚为一类,再与StMYBA1、SlAN2和LrAN2-like聚为一类;SlAN2-like、SmMYB2、StMYB113、LrMYB1以及CaMYB聚为一类;番茄的SlAN2和SlMYB75为不同命名的相同基因;茄子的SmMYB1、SmMYB6和SmMYB113为不同命名的同一MYB转录因子基因。本文指出了有关花青素合成的MYB转录因子基因在茄科蔬菜上进一步的研究方向,为茄科蔬菜花青素合成组织特异性调控机制解析以及通过基因调控和基因工程改良果色等方面的研究提供参考。

MYB transcription factors are the largest family of transcription factors in plants,and one of their important functions is to regulate anthocyanin synthesis.In order to comprehensively understand the regulation of MYB transcription factors on anthocyanidin synthesis in Solanaceae,this paper summarized the research progress of MYB transcription factors related to anthocyanidin synthesis in seven solanaceous plants,including petunia,potato,tomato,chili,eggplant,tobacco and Lycium chinensis,in terms of gene isolation and cloning,spatio-temporal expression,regulatory mode,etc.By phylogenetic analysis of MYB transcription factors genes related to anthocyanin metabolism pathway in Solanaceae,the author found that activated and inhibited MYB transcription factors in different Solanaceae plants were clustered by functions.The key MYB transcription factor genes regulating anthocyanin synthesis in fruit,namely SlANT1,SmMYB1,StAN1 and StAN2 were preferentially clustered together,and then clustered with StMYBA1,SlAN2 and LrAN2-like.SlAN2-like,SmMYB2,StMYB113,LrMYB1 and CaMYB were clustered together.SlAN2 and SlMYB75 of tomato are identical genes with different names;SmMYB1,SmMYB6 and SmMYB113 of eggplant are the same MYB transcription factor genes with different names.In this paper we propose the further research direction of MYB transcription factor genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis,providing reference for the analysis of tissuespecific regulation mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in Solanaceae vegetables,the improvement of fruit colors by gene regulation and gene engineering,etc.