食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的分型分布、致病性及耐逆性研究进展

Research progress of subtyping distribution,pathogenicity and stress tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes in food

单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,LM)是一种常见的食源性致病菌。LM有多种毒力因子可引发脑膜炎、败血症等疾病。LM在食品中分布广泛,具有较强的耐逆性对环境适应力强,其抗性基因在多种不适环境如酸性、碱性以及灭菌剂存在的条件下均有发现,对公共卫生和人体健康造成了巨大的威胁。食品中不同来源的LM,其分型分布、致病性、对抗菌药物的耐受程度以及对环境的适应性不尽相同,这与它们携带的毒力基因、抗性基因,以及各种酶有关。本文介绍了食品中LM的菌株分型分布,从LM的致病性、耐逆性及耐药性等方面分别进行综述,并对食品中LM的未来研究方向提出了展望,以期为食品中LM的预警、溯源及防控研究提供参考。

Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)is a common foodborne pathogen,it has a variety of virulence factors which can cause meningitis,sepsis and other diseases.L.monocytogenes is widely distributed in food,with strong resistance to environmental adaptability.The resistance genes of L.monocytogenes were found in a variety of adverse environment such as the presence of acidic,alkaline and sterilization agent,which poses a great threat to public health and human health.Different sources of L.monocytogenes in food have different subtypes,pathogenicity,tolerance to antibiotics and adaptability to the environment,which are related to the virulence genes,resistance genes,and various enzymes.This paper introduced the distribution of L.monocytogenes strains in food,reviewed the pathogenicity,stress resistance and drug resistance of L.monocytogenes.And the future research direction of L.monocytogenes in food was prospected.This paper provides reference for the early warning,traceability and prevention and control of L.monocytogenes in food.