数字经济对企业全要素生产率的影响研究

A Study of the Impact of Digital Economy on Corporate Total Factor Productivity

发展数字经济有利于提高企业创新能力、实现规模经济和范围经济以及降低交易费用,完善的市场经济体制在宏观层面有利于营造公平环境和提高社会资源配置效率,在中观层面有利于激励产业技术创新和加速技术扩散,在微观层面有利于提高企业资源配置效率。基于中国2011—2020年城市层面的数字经济发展水平指数等数据的实证研究表明,数字经济能显著提升企业全要素生产率,但其作用会因所有制、所属产业、所处城市的差异而略有不同。数字经济能有效发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,市场化是数字经济提升企业全要素生产率的重要作用机制。因此,应以国有企业为示范引领企业数字化转型,以高技术产业为龙头带动技术进步,以智慧城市建设为基础提升数字化普惠水平,以发展数字经济为契机健全高水平社会主义市场经济体制。

To develop digital economy is conducive to improving the innovation ability of enter-prises,realizing economies of scale and scope,and reducing transaction costs.A perfect market eco-nomic system is conducive to creating a fair environment and improving the efficiency of social re-sources allocation at the macro level,stimulating industrial technological innovations and accelerating the diffusion of technology at the meso level,and improving the efficiency of enterprise resources al-location at the micro level.This paper conducts an empirical study based on the index of the devel-opment level of digital economy at the city level in China during the period of 2011-2020 and other data.The findings show that the digital economy can significantly improve the total factor productivity of enterprises,but its role wil be slightly different according to the differences in ownership,industry,and the city where the enterprise is located.The digital economy can effectively enable the market to play a decisive role in resources allocation,and marketization is an important function mechanism for the digital economy to enhance the total factor productivity of enterprises.Therefore,it is necessary to lead the digital transformation of enterprises by setting the state-owned enterprises as the models,to drive the technological progress with high-tech industries as the leader,to enhance the level of digital inclusion based on the construction of smart cities,and to improve the high-level socialist market eco-nomic system by taking the development of the digital economy as an opportunity.