COMSOL在地铁车厢声场特性仿真上的应用

Application of COMSOL in Simulation of Sound Field Characteristics of Subway Cars

为研究地铁密闭车厢内的声场分布情况,在COMSOL Multiphysics中建立车厢结构声场耦合模型,划分网格、设置材料参数和边界条件,通过压力声学模块仿真车厢内不同声源布放方案下的声场分布,并利用MATLAB筛选车厢内不同位置乘客人耳处的声压级图。仿真分析结果表明,在预算范围内11、13、14声源的结果基本都符合车厢内广播声场均匀度的设计需求,其中14声源的布放效果最佳,车厢各位置声强级差距不大,分布较为均匀。

In order to study the sound field distribution in a closed subway car,a coupled model of the sound field of the car structure was established in COMSOL Multiphysics,and the grid was divided,and the material parameters and boundary conditions were set.The sound field distribution under different sound source placement schemes in the car was simulated by the pressure acoustic module,and the sound pressure level diagrams of passengers’ears in different positions in the car were screened by MATLAB.The simulation results show that the results of 11,13 and 14 sound sources basically meet the design requirements of the uniformity of broadcasting sound field in the car,among which 14 sound sources have the best distribution effect,and the sound intensity levels in each position of the car are not much different,and the distribution is relatively uniform.