清代孟河医派沙石安外科技艺研究

Surgical technologies of SHA Shian of Menghe medical school in the Qing Dynasty

基于孟河医派回族医家沙石安撰写的医案和论著,研究近代孟河医派学术演变特色、回汉医学融合实例。孟河医派近代转型中呈现出其独有的时代性、先进性。沙石安在中医外科理论纠偏、技艺改进、医械发明、学术交流及成果共享方面有重大创新和突破。他注重中医经典理论的学习和阐发,批判中医外科脱离经典却又学术革新陷入停滞的弊病。沙石安主张使用寒凉之剂治疗外疡痈疽,并改进针具和刀具等医械,减低外科手术病痛和加快创伤愈合,扩大中医外科受众面,展现回族医学对中医外科诊疗技术改进的增益。

Based on medical books by SHA Shian,a Hui physician of Menghe medical school,this paper studies evolution characteristics academy of Menghe medical school,and cases of integration of Hui and Chinese medicine.The transformation of Menghe medical school showed its modernity and progressiveness.SHA Shian made a big change in correction of theories,improvement of technologies,invention of medical equipment,academic exchange and sharing achievements.SHA Shian argued that the importance of studies of basic traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theories,and criticized ignorance of research of classics of Chinese medicine which caused stagnant academic innovations.SHA Shian preferred cool medicine to treat ulcers,and improved needles and knives to reduce surgical pain and speed up healing of wound to promote TCM surgery,which showed the benefits of Hui medicine to the improvement of TCM diagnosis and treatment techniques.