下肢深静脉血栓形成患者口服利伐沙班依从性及其影响因素分析

Compliance with oral rivaroxaban and its influencing factors in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis:a clinical analysis

目的调查下肢深静脉血栓形成(LEDVT)患者口服利伐沙班依从性现状,分析影响患者服药依从性的因素。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取南通大学附属医院144例出院后仍需长期口服利伐沙班治疗的LEDVT患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、Morisky用药依从性量表(MMAS)、服药信念问卷(BMQ)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、多维疲乏量表(MFI)进行调查。采用多重线性回归分析影响LEDVT患者服药依从性的因素。结果 144例患者服药依从性中位评分为7(4.13,8)分。多重线性回归分析显示,服药信念(P=0.014)、抑郁(P=0.042)、疲劳(P=0.008)、伴发慢性病种类(P=0.001)及服药种类数(P=0.001)是影响服药依从性的主要因素。结论 LEDVT患者口服利伐沙班依从性处于中等水平。护理人员应重视并针对主要影响因素制定有效的干预措施,缓解患者疲劳、抑郁程度等,以提高服药信念及服药依从性,改善生活质量。

Objective To investigate the current status of the compliance with oral rivaroxaban in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(LEDVT),and to analyze the factors influencing patient medication compliance.Methods Using convenience sampling method,a total of 144 LEDVT patients,who needed to take anticoagulant therapy for a long time after discharged from the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University of China,were selected as the research objects.The general information questionnaire,Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS),Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire(BMQ),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventor(MFI)were used to conduct the crosssectional survey.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing medication compliance in patients with LEDVT.Results The median score of medication compliance in 144 LEDVT patients was 7(4.13,8)points.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that medication belief(P=0.014),depression(P=0.042),fatigue(P=0.008),type of coexisting chronic diseases(P=0.001),and number of types of medication(P=0.001)were the main factors influencing medication compliance.Conclusion The compliance with oral rivaroxaban in LEDVT patients is at a moderate level.Nursing staff should pay attention to patient’s compliance with oral rivaroxaban,formulate effective intervention measures for the main influencing factors,relieve fatigue and depression degree of patients,so as to improve patient’s medication belief and medication compliance,and to improve the quality of life.