我国西瓜土壤有效磷丰缺指标和推荐施磷量研究

Study on Abundance-deficiency Index of Available Phosphorus and Recommended Phosphorus Fertilizer Application Rate for Soil of Planting Watermelon in China

为了给我国西瓜测土施磷提供科学依据,采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡—地力差减法新应用公式”,对我国西瓜土壤有效磷丰缺指标和推荐施磷量开展研究。在中国知网数据库检索相关文献,通过建立我国西瓜土壤有效磷含量与缺磷处理相对产量回归方程,划分出土壤有效磷丰缺级别,计算推荐施磷量。结果表明:我国西瓜土壤有效磷第1~6级丰缺指标依次为≥105、35~105、12~35、4~12、2~4m g/k g和<2m g/k g。当季磷肥利用率为15%~35%,目标产量为30~90 t/hm^(2)时,西瓜第1~6级土壤推荐施磷量分别为0、8~54、15~108、23~162、31^(2)16 kg/hm^(2)和39^(2)70kg/hm^(2)。研究初步建立了我国西瓜土壤有效磷丰缺指标推荐施磷系统,为我国西瓜测土施磷奠定了科学基础。

In order to provide scientific basis for soil testing and phosphorus fertilizer recommendation of watermelon in China,the abundance-deficiency index(ADI)of available phosphorus and recommended phosphorus fertilizer application rate(RPFAR)for soil of planting watermelon in China were studied by using'scattered experimental data integration method'and'new application formula of nutrient balance-soil fertility difference subtraction method'.Through retrieving relevant literatures in CNKI database,the regression equation between soil available phosphorus content and relative yield of watermelon treated with phosphorus deficiency in China was established,and the abundance and deficiency levels of soil available phosphorus were divided,and the RPFAR was calculated.The results showed that the ADI of soil available phosphorus for soil of planting watermelon in China from the first to the sixth level were≥105,35-105,12-35,4-12,2-4 mg/kg and<2 mg/kg,respectively.When the use efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer in current season was 15%-35%and the target yield of watermelon was 30-90 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the abundance-deficiency 2 level 1-6 from high to low were 0,8-54,15-108,23-162,31-216 kg/hm and 39-270 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The recommended phosphorus application system of ADI of available phosphorus for soil of planting watermelon in China was preliminarily established,which laid a scientific foundation for soil testing and phosphorus application of watermelon in China.