城市系统视角的智慧人居理论与技术规划原则

THEORY OF INTELLIGENT HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND TECHNICAL PLANNING PRINCIPLES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN SYSTEM

多学科领域自20世纪中叶以来针对系统科学开展了理论研究与技术探索。城市系统作为复杂开放巨系统的典型代表,得到规划学、管理学、工程学、地理学、信息学、计算机科学的关注。随着城市发展与科技进步,针对城市系统涌现出聚焦智慧人居的规划理念、技术方案和实践案例,但由于缺乏理论指导,目前面临信息爆炸、数据壁垒、开发无序、伦理缺失等挑战。本文以城市系统视角阐述数字城市、智能城市、智慧城市等概念溯源与演进,从复杂系统体系、社会-技术系统、信息系统三个层面对智慧人居进行理论梳理。鉴于当代城市系统的特殊性,本文探讨了技术规划应对系统复杂问题的重要意义,提出多系统可持续、以人为本、信息完整原则,以期指导未来智慧人居建设。

Since the 1950s,scholars from multidisciplinary background have carried out extensive theoretical research and technical exploration in the field systems science.As a representative of complex open giant system,urban system has gained research interests from various disciplines,including urban and rural planning,management,engineering,geography,informatics,and computer science.With urban development and technological progress,a series of planning concepts,technical solutions,and practical cases focusing on intelligent human settlements have emerged in response to urban system.However,due to a lack of theoretical guidance,there are challenges posed by information explosion,data barriers,chaotic development,and absence of ethics.In this regard,this paper articulates the origin and evolution of concepts such as digital city,smart city,and intelligent city,and provides a theoretical framework for intelligent human settlements from three aspects:complex system,socio-technical system,and information system.Given the uniqueness of contemporary urban system,this paper further explains the significant importance of technical planning in addressing complex system issues,and identifies three fundamental principles,including multi-system sustainability,people-oriented,and information integrity,aiming to guide the future development of intelligent human settlements.