一种与流体回路耦合的板翅式相变换热器设计及验证

Design and Verification of Plate-fin Phase Change Heat Exchanger Coupled with Fluid Loop

针对月球轨道复杂的热环境,设计一种与流体回路耦合的板翅式相变换热器,通过利用相变材料熔化蓄热、凝固放热的特性,实现对航天器在不同外界热环境条件下散热能力的调节。基于一系列简化假设,开展相变换热器仿真分析,计算给定入口温度条件下相变换热器的换热性能和熔化与凝固特性,并且详细分析相变腔体内相变材料的熔化过程。通过搭建相变换热器性能试验台开展试验研究,得到相变换热器运行的温度结果,验证了相变换热器设计的合理性。文章提出的耦合相变换热器的流体回路方案可作为载人航天器月球轨道飞行的有效热控手段。

Considering the complex environment in the lunar orbit,a PCHE(plate-fin phase change heat exchanger)coupled with the fluid loop is designed in this paper.By using the characteristics of PCM(phase change material)for heat storage during melting,heat release during solidification,and the heat dispassion capacity of the spacecraft can be averaged under different external thermal environment conditions.Based on a series of simplified assumptions,the simulation analysis of the PCHE is conducted.The heat exchange performance and the melting/solidification characteristics of the PCHE under given inlet fluid temperatures have been calculated,and the melting process of the PCM has been simulated in detail.By constructing a performance test rig of the PCHE,test study has been completed to obtain the operation temperature.At the meantime,the design of the PCHE has been verified.The introducted fluid loop coupled with PCHE scheme is an effective thermal control method for manned spacecraft in lunar orbit.