结构性货币政策支持贵州民营企业发展的成效、问题及提升路径

The Effect, Problems and Promotion Path of Structural Monetary Policy to Support the Development of Private Enterprises in Guizhou

文章在系统梳理结构性货币政策定义、历史沿革的基础上,深入分析了其支持民营企业发展的作用机制,并从供给、需求两端对贵州省988家民营企业、25家各类商业银行开展专项调研。理论分析表明,结构性货币政策主要通过稳定民营企业预期和信心,对特定行业和重点领域的民营企业提供定向信贷支持,降低民营企业融资成本,缓释商业银行信贷风险等渠道促进民营企业高质量发展。调查发现,结构性货币政策支持贵州民营企业发展整体呈现“量增、价降”态势,对重点领域、薄弱环节的民营企业支持更加务实有效。同时,也面临着民营企业发展信心不足、提前还款增多,民营企业应收账款持续增加、平均账期延长,民营企业专属金融产品少等问题。建议及时提振民营企业发展信心和能力,加大民营企业应收账款清收力度,强化民营企业金融服务政策宣传和专属金融产品开发,加快推进大数据综合金融服务平台建设及运用,持续提升民营企业金融服务质效。

After a systematic review of the definition and historical evolution of structural monetary policy,this paper makes an in-depth analysis of its mechanism of supporting the development of private enterprises,as well as a special survey research on 988 private enterprises and 25 various commercial banks in Guizhou province from both sides of supply and demand.Theoretical analysis shows that structural monetary policy mainly promotes the high-quality development of private enterprises through the following aspects:the stabilization of the expectations and confidence of private enterprises,the provision of targeted credit support to private enterprises in specific industries and key areas,the reduction of the financing cost of private enterprises,and the easing of the credit risks of commercial banks.The survey has found out that the support of the structural monetary policy to the development of private enterprises in Guizhou showed an overall trend of“quantitative increase and price reduction”,and the support to private enterprises in key areas and weak links was more pragmatic and effective.At the same time,there were also different problems,such as the lack of confidence in development on the part of private enterprises,the increase of advance repayment,the continuous increase of accounts receivable of private enterprises,the extension of average account period,and the lack of exclusive financial products for private enterprises.This paper suggests to boost their confidence and ability to develop,increase the efforts for them to collect accounts receivable,strengthen the publicity of financial service policies and the development of exclusive financial products,accelerate the construction and application of the comprehensive big data financial service platform,and continuously promote the quality and efficiency of financial services for private enterprises.