袁内阁《请速定大计折》议拟前后内情

The Domestic Situation Before and After the Discussion of Yuan Cabinet’s Memorial to the Throne to Push for a Decision on the Major Issue

现今所见袁内阁《请速定大计折》内容有多处重复或自相矛盾,可以确定不是定稿,故袁内阁不可能以该折在1911年12月底或1912年1月16日上奏。但该折出现又与1911年12月27日袁内阁拟请朝廷“速定大计”及1912年1月16日袁内阁奏请朝廷“速定大计”紧密相关。前者是要劝导清帝自行逊位,以免被动接受国民会议公决为民主共和;后者则希望清帝授权袁氏组织临时共和政府,一方面欲以虚君共和给皇室及君宪党人交代,另一方面图谋取消南京临时政府。前后立场和策略变化都是以谋求掌控全局为出发点。将该折视为袁氏逼迫清帝退位的证据,其实是误读。

The content of“Memorial to Request a Swift Decision from the Emperor”by Yuan Shikai Cabinet seen today has a number of duplications or contradictions,which can be confirmed that it’s not the final draft,so Yuan Shikai Cabinet could not have presented the memorial at the end of December 1911or on January 16,1912.However,the appearance of the memorial is closely related to the proposal of Yuan Shikai Cabinet to the imperial court to“determine swiftly”on December 27,1911and again its request to the court to“determine swiftly”on January 16,1912.The former was to persuade the Qing Emperor to abdicate himself so as not to passively accept the referendum of the National Assembly for a democratic republic;the latter wanted the Qing Emperor to authorize Yuan to organize a provisional republican government,on the one hand to give an account to the imperial family and the members of the party of constitutional monarchy with“Xu Jun Republican”,and on the other hand to seek to abolish the provisional government of Nanjing.The changes in position and strategy are all about seeking to control the overall situation.It is actually a misinterpretation to regard this memorial as the evidence that Yuan Shi kai forced Emperor Qing to abdicate.