黄河三角洲水文-地貌-生态系统演变与多维调控研究进展

Research progress on hydrology-geomorphology-ecology system evolution and multidimensional regulation in Yellow River Delta

河口三角洲是由水文、地貌和生态耦合作用形成的复合系统,其演变具有时空波动性强、响应高度敏感、边缘效应显著与环境异质性高的特性,属典型的易失衡区。从黄河三角洲水文-地貌-生态子系统演变过程、耦合作用关系以及多维调控理论与技术等方面,阐述了多重压力下的子系统自适应调整与状态特征,归纳了水文条件与河口地貌-生态系统演变的互馈关系,搭建了多维协同的水沙配置研究框架,并提出了基于水沙优化配置的多维调控策略。针对目前研究存在的问题,从连续性监测平台建设、全过程模型构建、失衡风险预测以及多维调控理论与技术研究等方面提出了未来研究的重点方向,以期为优化利用有限水沙资源维持河口系统稳定提供科学支撑。

The estuarine delta is a complex system formed by the coupled interactions of hydrology,geomorphology,and ecology.The evolution of the estuarine delta is characterized by strong spatiotemporal fluctuations,high sensitivity to disturbances,significant edge effects,and high environmental heterogeneity,making it a typical unstable region.From the perspectives of the evolution process of hydrology-geomorphology-ecology system,the coupling relationships,multidimensional regulation theories and techniques of the Yellow River Delta,this study elucidates the adaptive adjustment and state characteristics of the hydrology-geomorphology-ecology subsystem under multiple pressures.This study also summarizes the mutual feedback relationship between hydrological conditions and the evolution of the estuarine geomorphology-ecology system.In addition,this study establishes a multidimensional collaborative research framework for water and sediment allocation and proposes a multidimensional regulation strategy based on optimized water and sediment allocation.In response to current research gaps,key directions for future research are proposed,including the construction of continuous monitoring platforms,the building of whole-process models,the prediction of imbalance risks,and the study of multidimensional regulation theories and techniques.These efforts aim to provide scientific support for optimizing the use of limited water and sediment resources to maintain the stability of the estuarine system.