外商直接投资对出口加工水产品质量的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Foreign Direct Investment on the Quality of Export Processed Aquatic Products

基于2014-2019年中国和34个OECD国家的贸易数据,以加工水产品行业为研究主体,利用固定效应模型探讨外商直接投资对东道国出口加工水产品质量的影响。结果表明:外商直接投资引入与东道国出口加工水产品质量之间具有显著的“U”型关系,即随着外商直接投资进入规模的扩大,出口加工水产品质量先降低后提升,在考虑内生性偏差并进行一系列稳健性检验后,这一结论依然成立。另外,外商直接投资对出口加工水产品质量的作用存在异质性:外商直接投资与出口的加工水产品质量间的“U”型关系在低技术国家更为显著;对于自身加工水产品质量较高的国家,外商直接投资与出口加工水产品质量为倒U型关系。以期为我国相关企业在经济全球化背景下实现高质量发展提供新思路。

Based on the trade data of China and 34 OECD countries from 2014 to 2019,this paper takes the processed aquatic product industry as the research subject,and uses the fixed effect model to explore the impact of foreign direct investment on the quality of processed aquatic products exported by the host country.The results show that there is a significant"U-shaped"relationship between the introduction of foreign direct investment and the quality of processed aquatic products exported by the host country,that is,with the expansion of the scale of foreign direct investment,the quality of processed aquatic products exported first decreases and then increases.This conclusion is still valid after considering endogenous deviation and a series of robustness tests.In addition,the effect of foreign direct investment on the quality of exported processed aquatic products is heterogeneous:the U-shaped relationship between foreign direct investment and the quality of exported processed aquatic products is more obvious in low-tech countries;For countries with high quality of processed aquatic products,the relationship between FDI and quality of exported processed aquatic products is inverted U-shaped.This paper provides a new way for Chinese enterprises to realize high quality development under the background of economic globalization.