作为异托邦的语言——福柯论话语体系与文学语言的辩证张力

Language as a Heterotopia:Foucault’s Dialectical Tension between Discourse and Literary Language

福柯认为我们身处于语言堆砌的世界,话语具有一种强大的构型能力,通过排列、运作、穿梭形成一个无所不包的有机系统。话语与权力密切相关,话语与权力编制成的巨大网络将我们笼罩其中。而现代文学语言,尤其是以萨德、鲁塞尔为代表的文学语言呈现出模棱两可、不可言说的异质性和僭越性,成为突破理性秩序、逻各斯中心主义的一个重要的窗口,但是低语依然无法脱离话语,“无话语的话语”终究是以话语的形式被表达出来的,不过是以异托邦的形式被保留,它不像乌托邦那样遥不可及,却又葆有了异质性的姿态。

Foucault believes that we are in a world of language construction,where discourse forms a huge system through arrangement and combination.Discourse and power are closely related,and we are immersed in a vast network of words and power.And modern literary language,especially those represented by Sade and Russell,is ambiguous and breaks through the rational order.However,literary language cannot be separated from discourse.Literary language is ultimately expressed in the form of discourse,but it is preserved in a heterotopian way.Unlike utopia,it maintains its own heterogeneity.