摘要
The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is multifaceted,involving genetic susceptibility,immune dysregulation,alterations in the gut microbiota,and environmental factors.Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors can disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier,leading to chronic nonspecific inflammation,local structural changes,and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Historically,due to a lack of effective treatments,recurrent inflammation and microcirculatory disturbances could result in complications such as intestinal fistulas,strictures,obstructions,perforations,gastrointestinal bleeding,sepsis,etc.,thereby increasing the risk of intestinal cell carcinoma and mortality.While the overall incidence of IBD remains at 0.5%in North America and Europe,its annual incidence is increasing in Asia,Africa,and South America,resulting in a growing number of patients and warning significant attention.Recent research has highlighted mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy as an innovative treatment option for IBD due to its capacity to modulate inflammatory immune responses and promote tissue regeneration.A current preclinical study has shown a promising result,with systemic administration of MSCs in patients with reduced intestinal inflammation and no intestinal inflammation.In addition,in a new study,the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(MSC-EXOs)was successful,a type derived from mesenchymal stem cells,was successful,especially in patients with refractory anal fistula.Consequently,MSC therapy has become a preferred approach in IBD treatment,showcasing the potential application prospects for stem cell-based therapy in IBD.However,clinical research in this field still needs to refine strategies and further explore to lay a solid foundation.
