北海市经济贝类基本成分和碳氮生源要素含量测定分析

Determination and Analysis of Basic Components and Carbon and Nitrogen Biogenic Elements of Economic Shellfish in Beihai City

广西沿海贝类资源丰富,在海洋渔业和海洋生态系统中意义重大。为获取用于开展贝类增养殖容量评估,构建食物链网、生源要素和能量流动模型,以及开展北部湾海域海洋牧场建设和碳汇渔业评估的基础数据,本研究对北海市常见的14种经济贝类进行相关数据的测定与分析。实验对从北海市市场收集的14种经济贝类的壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)或壳高(SH)、体质量(BM)、壳质量(SM)、软体部质量(MSP)进行测量,并同时对软体部的水分、粗蛋白、能量、碳和氮的含量及稳定同位素丰度等进行测定。实验结果表明,不同贝类的出肉率差别较大,贝壳较薄的大獭蛤(Lutraria maxima)和缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)等可超过70%。双壳贝类的软体部含水率均超过85%,腹足类的软体部含水率不超过81%。贝类的有机碳含量为39.77%-47.36%,氮含量为8.25%-11.80%。双壳贝类中尖紫蛤(Soletellina acuta)δ^(13)C最低,华贵栉孔扇贝(Chalamys nobilys)的δ^(13)C最高;双壳贝类中华贵栉孔扇贝的δ^(15)N最低,等边浅蛤(Macridiscus aequilatera)的δ^(15)N最高。软体部能量含量为16.11-20.81 kJ/g。双壳贝类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳长(SL,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^(b×SL),腹足类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳高(SH,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^(b×SH);软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与体质量(BM,g)的关系符合线性公式E=a×BM+b。不同种类的贝类的基本成分和生源要素的特征存在差异,与已有文献报道不同海区的同种贝类相关数据也存在较大差异。因此,在进行生态学相关研究时,数据的收集非常重要,借鉴相关物种的数据要非常谨慎。

Abundant shellfish resources distribute along the coast of Guangxi,which is of great significance in marine fishery and marine ecosystem.In order to obtain the basic data for carrying out the assessment of shellfish culture capacity,constructing the food chain network,biogenic elements and energy flow model,and carrying out the construction of marine ranching and carbon sink fishery assessment in Beibu Gulf,the relevant data of 14 common economic shellfish in Beihai City were measured and analyzed.The Shell Length(SL),Shell Width(SW)or Shell Height(SH),Body Mass(BM),Shell Mass(SM)and Mass of Soft Part(MSP)of 14 economic shellfish collected from Beihai market were measured.At the same time,the contents of moisture,crude protein,energy,carbon and nitrogen in the soft part and the abundance of stable isotopes were measured.The results showed that the ratio of the soft body in different shellfish was quite different,and that of Lutraria maxima and Sinonovacula constricta with thin shells could exceed 70%.The moisture content of the soft part of bivalve mollusks exceeded 85%,and the moisture content of the soft part of gastropods did not exceed 81%.The organic carbon content of shellfish was 39.77%-47.36%,and the nitrogen content was 8.25%-11.80%.Among the bivalves,Soletellina acuta had the lowestδ^(13) C,while Chalamys nobilys had the highestδ^(13) C.Among the bivalves,theδ15 N of C.nobilys was the lowest,and theδ15 N of Macridiscus aequilatera was the highest.The energy content of the soft part was 16.11-20.81 kJ/g.Correlativity between energy content(E,kJ)of bivalves and shell length(SL,cm)accorded with the exponential model E=a×e b×SL,and correlativity between energy content(E,kJ)of gastropods and Shell Height(SH,cm)accorded with the exponential model E=a×e b×SH,and the relationship between energy content(E,kJ)of soft body and Body Mass(BM,g)was in accordance with the linear formula E=a×BM+b.There are differences in the characteristics of the basic components and biogenic elements of different species of shellfish,and there are also great differences in the data related to the same species of shellfish in different sea areas reported in the literature.Therefore,it is very important to collect data when conducting ecological research,and it must be very cautious to draw on the data of related species.