《郑风·将仲子》古代解释史流变及其原因

Changes in the Ancient Explanation of Zheng Ballads-Qiang Zhongzi and Its Reasons

自《诗序》到当代,《诗经·郑风·将仲子》在学术界的主流解释经历了巨大的变迁:由“美刺”的“谏书”,到“为戒”的“淫诗”,再到纯粹的爱情诗。它经历了由经学化过渡到理学化、最后回归文学化的漫长过程,是《诗经》爱情诗研究、《诗经》研究乃至中国学术思想史的一个缩影,极具代表性。该文围绕《将仲子》原文,重点梳理郑玄、孔颖达、朱熹、崔述、方玉润等古代学者对《将仲子》的解读,厘清其在各时代的变化和差异。在此基础上,该文分析了这种变化和差异反映出的政治背景、社会环境、主流价值观、“《诗》学”研究、文学审美与文学批评的演变。最后,该文得出结论,影响《将仲子》解读的因素有很多:政治需求与主流意识形态是最关键的因素;其次是《诗经》本身“经”的特殊性质;部分学者的创新和突破也不可或缺。

From the Preface to Shi Jing to contemporary times,the mainstream interpretation of Shi Jing-Zheng Ballads-Qiang Zhongzi has undergone enormous changes among scholars.It has evolved from being seen as a"literary admonition"for the purpose of"praise or criticism",to a"lascivious poem"for"precautionary purposes",and eventually to a pure love poem.This long transition from Confucian classics to Neo-Confucianism and back to literature is a typical microcosm of broader fields of scholarship,including the study of the love poems of Shi Jing,the study of Shi Jing itself,and the history of Chinese academic thought.This thesis is based on the original text of Qiang Zhongzi and focuses on the interpretations of it by ancient scholars such as Zheng Xuan,Kong Yingda,Zhu Xi,Cui Shu,and Fang Yurun,in order to clarify the changes and differences between the eras.On this basis,the paper analyses the evolution of the political context,the social environment,the mainstream values,the study of Shi Jing,literary aesthetics and literary criticism,as reflected in such changes and differences.Finally,the paper concludes that many factors have influenced the interpretation of the Qiang Zhongzi,with political demands and mainstream ideology being the most crucial ones,followed by the classical nature of Shi Jing itself,and the innovations and breakthroughs of some scholars.