非遗数字化复原保护与传播研究——以恩施三岔地区傩戏为例

Research on the Application of Digital Restoration and Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage—Taking Nuo Opera in the Sancha District of Enshi as an Example

傩戏源远流长,是人们祈求神明保佑国泰民安、风调雨顺、五谷丰登的一项民间习俗社会活动。被评为“湖北省傩戏之乡”的恩施市三岔镇,至今保留着这种演出形式奇特风趣、剧目内涵浑厚翔实的传统地方戏傩戏。恩施三岔地区的傩戏传统文化在目前仍无一个全面、完整的传人,传统傩戏历史文化存在着流失的巨大风险。但由于数码科技的发展及其保护和传播上的优越性,从非物质传统文化遗产向数字非物质文化遗产过渡已成为大趋势。为了挽救濒临消失的恩施三岔地区傩戏传统文化,该文将从传统傩戏的静态保存与动态传播及数字化虚拟复原和传播三个方面着手,进一步深入研究恩施三岔地区傩戏的数字化保存和传播方式,争取以现代化方式重新展示其传统文化内涵,并赋予其新的生活形态。

Nuo Opera has a long history and originated from the Yingshen Temple Fair more than 2000 years ago.It is a folk custom and social activity where people pray for the gods to bless the country,ensure the safety of the people,and ensure the prosperity of the grain.Sancha Town,Enshi City,rated as the"hometown of Nuo Opera in Hubei Province",has retained this traditional local opera Nuo Opera,which has a unique and interesting performance form and rich and detailed content.The main inheritors of Nuo Opera in the Enshi Sancha region have all died one after another.In addition,due to market shocks,the main artists of the original Nuo Opera have also been working outside,resulting in the lack of a comprehensive and complete inheritor of traditional Nuo Opera culture.There is a huge risk of the loss of traditional Nuo Opera history and culture.However,due to the development of digital technology and its advantages in protection and dissemination,the transition from intangible traditional cultural heritage to digital Intangible cultural heritage has become a major trend.In order to save the traditional culture of Nuo Opera in the endangered Enshi Sancha region,we will start from three aspects:static preservation and dynamic dissemination of traditional Nuo Opera,as well as digital virtual restoration and dissemination.We will further study the digital preservation and dissemination methods of the Enshi Sancha region,striving to rediscover its traditional cultural connotation in a modern way and endow it with a new form of life.