《伊川易传》中程颐的史学思想

Cheng Yi's Historical Thought in Yi Chuan Yi Zhuan

史学思想是程颐易学思想的重要组成部分,易学思想是程颐史学思想的基础。程颐在解易的过程中,运用了大量的历史史实,范围涉及先秦至汉唐,打破前人“以经解经”的范畴。同时,他的“融经于史、经史互动”思想对浙东学派产生了重要影响。在历史认识方面,他认为盛衰变化处于循环之中,在此循环之中,人占据重要地位,而君子又处于独特地位,进而指出人君的作为对于历史盛衰的影响。在历史评价方面,程颐重名教,将道德仁义作为评价人物的标准,同时重视长幼、父子、君臣尊卑之序,坚持“男女有常序”,宣扬女主得权的弊端。对于《伊川易传》中程颐史学思想的探讨本质上是对宋代经史关系的探究。

Historical thought is an important component of Cheng Yi's Yi-ology,which is the foundation of Cheng Yi's historical thought.In the process of interpreting the Book of Yi-ology,Cheng Yi utilized a large amount of historical facts,covering the period from pre Qin to Han and Tang dynasties,breaking the previous category of"interpreting scriptures through scriptures".At the same time,his thought of integrating scriptures into history and the interaction between scriptures and history had a significant impact on the thought of East Zhejiang School.In terms of historical understanding,he believes that changes in prosperity and decline are in a cycle.In this cycle,humans occupy an important position,while gentlemen are in a unique position,thus pointing out the impact of the actions of human rulers on the rise and fall of history.In the aspect of historical evaluation,Cheng Yi attaches great importance to Confucian ethics,and takes moral benevolence and righteousness as the standard of evaluating characters.At the same time,attention is paid to the order of elders,fathers and sons,kings and subjects,insisting that"men and women have regular order",and promoting the disadvantages of women's rights.The exploration of Cheng Yi's historiography in Yichuan Yi Zhuan is essentially an exploration of the relationship between the Song Dynasty's classics and history.